Raccoon Family.

Body size and cranium size have been reported to be smaller in P. pygmaeus, hence the name pygmy. Cuarón, A., M. Martínez-Morales, K. McFadden, D. Valenzuela, M. Gompper. Class Conservation of the endemic dwarf carnivores of Cozumel Island, Mexico. The region—specifically, all islands in the Caribbean Sea and the Bahamas, Turks and Caicos Islands, and Barbados, which are not in the Caribbean Sea but biogeographically belong to the same Caribbean bioregion—has been home to several families found nowhere else, but much of this diversity is now extinct.
Pygmy raccoons (Procyon pygmaeus) are endemic to Cozumel, a 486 square km island that lies roughly 17.5 km off the coast of the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico. Relatively little is known about the group size of the raccoons. Clinton Hart Merriam first described the Cozumel raccoon as morphologically distinctive from its mainland relative, the common raccoon subspecies Procyon lotor hernandezii, in 1901.
For any conservation action to be successful, conservation personnel will need to find a way to compromise with the tourism industry to save the Cozumel raccoons. Because the raccoons are only located in a small coastal area at the northwest corner of the island- an area covered for development- the effects of habitat loss are especially severe. On the island, the raccoons inhabit a range of habitats, but are primarily limited to the mangrove forests and sandy wetlands in the northwest tip of the island. Another method that could help to restore the populations is captive breeding techniques. The best method of reducing these impacts is to remove as many feral cats as possible. The Cozumel raccoon, also called the pygmy raccoon, is a critically endangered species of island raccoon endemic on Cozumel Island off the coast of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. However, they have also been captured in semi-evergreen forests and agricultural lands surrounding these preferred habitats., and in the Punta Sur ecological park at the south end of the island. Adults range from 58 to 82 centimetres 23 to 32 in total length, including the 23 to 26 centimetres 9.1 to 10.2 in tail, and weigh between 3 to 4 kilograms 6.6 to 8.8 lb. Their home range is generally based on food availability. The underparts and legs are pale buff in color. Females reproduce once per year, breeding during one of two breeding seasons. They are well-known and generally liked: fishermen feed them every day, and people from around the island like to picnic with them when they come out this way. Its reduced teeth point to a long period of isolation. The term island raccoons is used as a generic term for four endangered and one (or two) extinct subspecies or species of raccoon endemic on small Central American and Caribbean islands, such as Cozumel and Guadeloupe. This represents an example of insular dwarfism, and the animals are, on average, about 18% shorter and 45% lighter than the subspecies of common raccoon found on the local mainland, P. lotor shufeldti. Dwarfism in insular carnivores: a case study of the pygmy raccoon. Other morphological differences include a broad black throat band, golden yellow tail and reduced teeth; "these and other characteristics point to a long period of isolation". The young become independent when they are about 10 months old, however, in some cases, offspring will stay with their mothers for a short time immediately after sexual maturity, but eventually disperse to find mates. One conservation approach would be to reduce or even eliminate human impact on the mangrove forests, especially in the northwest corner of the island. Cubs weigh around 60-75 grams at birth and are cared for by the mother alone. They are a generalist omnivore, but crabs make up over 50% of their diet. de Villa-Meza, A., R. Avila-Flores, A. Cuarón, D. Valenzuela- Galván. Merriam described the Cozumel raccoon as being markedly smaller, both externally and cranially and easy to distinguish from the common raccoon because of its "broad black throat band and golden yellow tail, short posteriorly expanded and rounded nasals and peculiarities of the teeth". Pygmy raccoon, Dwarf raccoon, Cozumel Island raccoon, Cozumel raccoon bear Cozumel Raccoon The fur over the upper body is buff-grey ticked with occasional black hairs, while the underparts and legs are pale buff in color. Since then, other scientists have generally agreed with Merriams assessment, especially Kristofer Helgen and Don E. Wilson, who have dismissed this classification for the other four island raccoons in their studies in 2003 and 2005. According to the IUCN Red List, they are considered critically endangered.


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